Basic Financial Calculators

Almost every money question rests on the time value of money: a dollar today is worth more than a dollar later, because today's dollar can earn interest and tomorrow's will buy less. These calculators handle that math directly.

To see how money grows, use the Interest Calculator for simple and compound interest at any compounding frequency, or the Future Value Calculator when you add regular contributions. The Investment Calculator goes further and compares a taxable account with traditional and Roth accounts. To go the other way, the Present Value Calculator tells you what a future sum is worth today, which is how you compare a payment now with a larger one later.

The Inflation Calculator converts amounts between years, so you can see what an old salary is worth now or what you will need in the future. For fixed income, the Bond Calculator works out price and yield, and the CD Ladder Calculator spreads savings across maturities so some cash comes free regularly. The APR Calculator shows the real cost of a loan once fees are included.

If you are new to this, start with compound interest. It is the idea every other calculator here builds on.

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Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between simple and compound interest?

Simple interest is paid only on the original amount. Compound interest is paid on the original amount plus the interest already earned, so the balance grows faster each period. The more often interest compounds, the faster it grows.

What is the difference between future value and present value?

Future value tells you what money today will grow to at a given rate. Present value works backward and tells you what a future amount is worth today. They are the same calculation run in opposite directions.

What return should I assume for an investment?

Use a rate you can justify and test a lower one too. A cautious assumption, and a check of the result after inflation, gives a more useful plan than an optimistic one.